How a WiFi QR code works
The code does not open a website and does not talk to a server. It holds one line of text, in a format both iOS and Android recognise, naming the network, its security type and the password. The camera decodes that line on the phone and offers to join. The whole exchange happens between a camera and some ink.
It also means the password sits in the code in plain form. Anyone who can photograph the card can read it — the point when it is taped to a café counter, and a reason not to publish the image publicly.
Getting the details right
The network name must match exactly what the router broadcasts, capitals and spaces included: Cafe Guest and cafe guest are different networks. Special characters are handled for you — semicolons, colons, commas, quotes and backslashes are escaped automatically, so Bar; Restaurant "Luna" encodes correctly instead of truncating at the semicolon.
Pick WPA for anything modern; the same setting covers WPA, WPA2 and WPA3. WEP is only for old routers. Choose Open for a network with no password. Tick hidden network only if the router genuinely does not broadcast its name — setting it wrongly can stop a phone finding the network at all.
Where this does not work
Enterprise networks — a university or large office where each person has a username or certificate — cannot be expressed in this format at all. Guest networks behind a captive portal will connect and still show the sign-in page: the code joins the network, it cannot accept terms for you. Native scanning needs iOS 11 or Android 10; older phones need a QR app.
What goes inside the code
A WiFi code contains exactly this, and nothing else:
WIFI:T:WPA;S:Cafe Guest;P:flatwhite;H:false;;T— security type:WPA,WEPornopassS— the network name, exactly as broadcastP— the password, empty on an open networkH— whether the network is hidden
Before you print it
- Test with one iPhone and one Android before printing a batch.
- Print it at least 2.5 cm across on a table card, larger for anything read at a distance.
- Print the network name underneath as text. Some guests will type it.
- Keep the white border. Cropping that quiet zone is the most common reason a code will not scan.